Cutting edge: cooperation of IPS-1- and TRIF-dependent pathways in poly IC-enhanced antibody production and cytotoxic T cell responses.

Poly I:C-induced activation of NK cells by CD8 alpha+ dendritic cells via the IPS-1 and TRIF-dependent pathways.

NK cells play essential roles in eliminating virally infected cells and tumor cells. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), a double-stranded RNA analog recognized by melanoma-differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) and TLR3, activates NK cells in vivo. MDA5 and TLR3 signal through distinct adaptor molecules, IFN-promoter stimulator-1 (IPS-1) and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor induc...

Human cancer cells respond to cytosolic nucleic acids via enhanced production of interferon-β and apoptosis

The innate immune system utilizes pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect the invasion of pathogens and initiate host antimicrobial responses. Recently, it was reported that human cancer cells also expressed PRRs, and responded to cytosolic nucleic acids via the production of type I interferon and apoptosis in susceptible cells. However, the definite nucleic acids senses in different can...

A Bi-Functional Targeted P28-NRC Chimeric Protein with Enhanced Cytotoxic Effects on Breast Cancer Cell Lines

One of the emerging therapeutic strategies for targeted therapy of cancer is the use of chimeric proteins. The p28 peptide has the ability of selective entrance and activating apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The NRC antimicrobial peptide showed cytotoxic activity on various breast cancer including drug-resistant variants but also normal cell lines. Here we designed a chimeric protein consiste...

A Bi-Functional Targeted P28-NRC Chimeric Protein with Enhanced Cytotoxic Effects on Breast Cancer Cell Lines

One of the emerging therapeutic strategies for targeted therapy of cancer is the use of chimeric proteins. The p28 peptide has the ability of selective entrance and activating apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The NRC antimicrobial peptide showed cytotoxic activity on various breast cancer including drug-resistant variants but also normal cell lines. Here we designed a chimeric protein consiste...

Poly I:C-Induced Activation of NK Cells by CD8 Dendritic Cells via the IPS-1 and TRIF-Dependent Pathways